Track Categories
The track category is the heading under which your abstract will be reviewed and later published in the conference printed matters if accepted. During the submission process, you will be asked to select one track category for your abstract.
In scientific terms Cancer, Sometimes referred as Tumour, is the uncontrolled and abnormal growth of the Cells in any living being. Often these cells have the capability of invading the other cells present in the organism. Study of Cancer is coined as Oncology and study of the behaviour of the Cancer cells inside an Organism is termed as Cancer Biology.
Cancer Biology helps us in understanding why the cells divide in abnormal manner, when and what are the possible consequences of this. This study also helps us in Prevention and Curing of the Oncogenesis.
Study of the behaviour of these Cancer Cells involves many approaches. Most of the times Cancer Biology is studied taking animal models into consideration. Many of the Ground-breaking innovations in Cancer Studies are brought after understanding the behaviour of these Cancer Cells.
Cancer Screening and Diagnosis
Cancer is considered to be the mail reason for deaths across the globe. The cure for cancer is still a matter of research. However there are few curing techniques available only if the person is diagnosed at the early growth stages. So cancer diagnosis becomes a very important part of an individual’s survival.
Since the cancer cells exhibit properties of a normal cells till it reaches malignant stages, it becomes difficult to diagnose. However few symptoms can act like the signals for the cancer growth. Once these symptoms are encountered one will have to undergo diagnosis techniques like Biopsy, Radiography etc… Through these methods practitioner will be able to predict the stage of the cancer and survivability of the patients.
Some of the tests conducted to diagnose the Cancer are
Bone Marrow Aspiration and Biopsy
Computed Tomography (CT) Scan
Digital Rectal Exam (DRE)
Types of Endoscopy
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Pap Test
Positron Emission Tomography and Computed Tomography (PET-CT) Scans
Benefits of screening
Risks of screening
Translational Oncology
Translational Oncology is the field of Cancer Research where a series of research conducted at the labs come out with a novel approach towards the cancer therapy. This branch of science involves many interdisciplinary subjects. Researchers here will have to be familiar with all the knowledge.
This is considered to be the next big thing in Cancer Research with great no of employability and Commercial opportunities available. Translational research has advanced from recognizing a solitary change driving genome to the high-throughput cutting edge entire genome sequencing investigations. Late advances in Omics have expanded our insight into the procedures underlying malignancy development.
All the organs in the human Body can be affected by the Cancer. To list some organ specific Cancers
Once an organ is completely affected by the Cancer then the cancer cells are free to move and affect surrounding cells.
Till date more than 200 types of the cancers have been identified by the researchers. The level of threat also depends upon the area/Organ affected by Cancer.
- Lung Cancer
Also known as Lung Carcinoma is the abnormal and uncontrolled growth of the cells in the Lungs. These cancer cells are malignant in nature hence there is risk that these cells. By the process of Metastasis, move into other organs. This is most common cancer diagnosed among men. Often lung cancer is associated with the people who smoke.
Carcinogens present in the Tobacco and other products which people consume result in mutation in the cancer genes and yield cancer cells. The pollution also have been playing major role in causing lung cancer. Many of the Carcinogens are also present in the air which when consumed will result in giving raise to Cancer Cells.
- Breast Cancer
It is considered to be the most common Cancer among humans, if not at least among the women Population. According to a Survey conducted in 2015 around 2.1 Million people were affected by this and among this population 5.3 lack were killed. First appears like a typical lump in the breast tissues, which later undergoes metastasis and invades all other cells in the Breast.
Most likely factors responsible for the Breast Cancer are Smoking, Lifestyle and Inheritance.
This is the hot topic among the Cancer Researchers around the globe for last few years. It is to be noted that even after so much researches the numbers associated with this have been increasing. This is considered to be due to less known facts and less awareness among the people.
- Liver Cancer
- Throat Cancer
- Prostate Cancer
- Cervical Cancer
- Stomach Cancer
- Leukaemia
- Pancreatic Cancer
As stated earlier, cancer research is an interdisciplinary subject; Cancer Immunology is a branch of science which deals with the role of host immunity and its behaviour to the growth of the cancer.
Immune system helps us in fighting against the foreign invaders. However cancer cells not being foreign cells to the host are very difficult to be identified by the host immunity as threat. Only when the cancer cells start to release certain molecules which are specific to the cancer cells, host immune cells try to act against the cancer cells.
Cancer immunosurveillance is considered to be the only reliable host mechanism against the Tumor growth in the human body by inhibiting the carcinogenesis and also maintaining a regular cellular homeostasis.
Oncology Nursing care is a group of settings including extreme care specialist's offices, wandering consideration focus, private oncologist's workplaces, radiation treatment offices, home social insurance associations, and group organizations. The role of people performing Oncology Nursing consists of different jobs. The main motto of these people is to Motivate, supports morally, physically and psychologically.
Cancer Pharmacology is a branch of Pharmacology which deals with/concentrates on creating trial ways to deal with the clinical treatment of tumour through research that extends to the fields of Molecular carcinogenesis, biochemical pharmacology, radiation science, and clinical pharmacology.
This often involves testing chemical and biological products which can be used as a possible destroyer of the Cancer Cells. Also this involves testing on the Animal Models and Patients.
Biomarker is a general term used for the Biological Compounds which are used to detect any disease or abnormality in organisms.
In cancer research biomarkers are usually adopted to identify the tumour cells. It is also understood that the cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and epidemiology can adopt Biomarkers for detection.
Biomarkers are used to diagnose the condition, to forecast the aggressiveness of a cancer and interpret how a person can respond to the treatment/therapy.
Oncogenomics, Metabolomics & Epigenetics of Cancer
Oncogenomics: It is a branch of the genomics which deals with the role of genes in Cancer. This involves studying how the behaviour of the genes gives raise to the Cancer Cells. These studies involve how the cancer genes replicate, Transcript and Translate in each cells. Often mutation in these genes results into Cancer. So it becomes very important to study the behaviour of these genes to understand Cancer.
It is also believed that Inheritance also plays a major role in developing Normal cells into Cancer or Tumour Cells.
Drug Discovery and Development
In the Conventional Method of curing a disease, a series of herbs were given to the patient and one with the positive results is kept in practice. But the advancements in the Technology have given rise to many methods which helps in developing effective drugs.
In the recent days first reason for the illness is determined then through available computational tools many possible target molecules are identified and are subjected to trials. The molecule which succeeds in destroying the target cells is modified and developed which then used on animal models and patients respectively after certification.
Alternative Medicines in Cancer
These are the medical products which are either used along with the Conventional Medicines or provided as a particular dose and regime. These mainly comprise of Herbs. Though the action is considered to be very slow they are often proved to be very effective without any side-effects. Many Alternative Medicines have undergone certification and are being used in the current scenario.
The epidemiology of cancer is the investigation of the variables influencing growth, as an approach to construe conceivable patterns and causes. The investigation of growth the study of disease transmission utilizes epidemiological strategies to discover the reason for tumour and to recognize and create enhanced medicines.
This region of study must fight with issues of lead time inclination and length time predisposition. Lead time predisposition is the idea that early analysis may falsely expand the survival measurements of a tumour, without extremely enhancing the regular history of the illness. Length inclination is the idea that slower developing, more sluggish tumour will probably be analysed by screening tests, however changes in diagnosing more instances of lethargic malignancy may not convert into better patient results after the execution of screening programs. A related concern is over diagnosis, the propensity of screening tests to analyse disease that may not really affect the patient's life span.
Innovations in Cancer Research and Oncology
Cancer being one of the deadliest diseases in the world many have made it as priority to find complete cure for this. The same reason has made much advancement to be evolved in recent years.
Cancer research has brought improvements in Bioinformatics for developing better drug development tools, Radiology to bring better diagnosis tools, Surgery to bring better options to achieve minimal invasive methods.
Radiation Oncology, Robotic Oncology, Surgical Oncology
Medical Oncology is a type of treatment where Cancer cells are treated with chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, biological therapy, and targeted therapy.
Radiation oncology is a field of cancer treatment where tumour is treated with the assistance of the radiations.
Radiation treatment utilizes high-energy radiation to contract tumour and murder malignancy cells. X ray-beams, gamma beams, and charged particles are sorts of radiation utilized for cancer treatment.
The radiation might be conveyed by a machine outside the body, or it might originate from radioactive material put in the body close tumour cells. Fundamental radiation treatment utilizes radioactive substances, for example, radioactive iodine, that travel in the blood to murder malignancy cells. About portion of all tumour patients get some kind of radiation treatment at some point over the span of their treatment.
Radiations subjected to the cancer cells damage the genome of the Cancer cells which ultimately leads to the death of the tumour.
Robotic Oncology is mode of Cancer treatment where cancer is removed with the help of robotic surgery. This mode of treatment is often least invasive and efficient mode of treatment.
Surgical Oncology is a mode of treatment where the tumor from the body is removed with the help of surgery conducted by the medical surgeons. Though these types of methods are being followed from the log time there are chances of reoccurring of the cancer cells as the cancer cells are only removed but not completely destroyed.
Clinical Trials and Clinical Research
Clinical Research is a branch of science which deals with the aspects like how good is a drug molecule for the use of Individual on target. Clinical Research comprises of many phases where a drug is molecules are examined with the help of computational tools and then later they are approved for the trials on the animals and human.
The experiments performed on the animals and humans are termed as Clinical Trials, which is considered to be the last and the crucial step in the Drug development cycle. Once the drug is proven to be effective and not harmful, it is approved to be released into the market.
Cancer Lifestyle and Nutrition
Most underestimated but the most significant factor in Carcinogenesis is the lifestyle of the people. Many researches have already proven that, the lifestyle of a person do have a great influence in activating the Cancer genes which ultimately gives raise to the cancer cells.
Factors like diet, daily schedules, exercise and place of living do affect carcinogenesis.
According to a report from telegraph, 9 out of 10 cancers are caused by Lifestyle. This shows how important it is to have a good lifestyle to prevent cancer.
A Case report is a record where the data learnt after a study is kept. These reports help us to analyse the conditions similar to that of the present one. They also help us to know the behavioural changes that occur when someone is affected by cancer.
Usually a person under consideration for a study is take care here. All the information about their sickness, drug dose, regime and the lifestyle are noted in here, these are used as a future reference for the same studies or studies related to the previous one.
Cancer Management and prevention doesn’t remain same for all the cases. This mainly depends on the factors like type and stage of Cancer, age, health and additional health characteristics of the individual.
Cancer Management is performed in many different ways like, surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, hormone therapy, or gene therapy etc…
Cancer Prevention is done by creating Awareness among the people about the possible carcinogens, how one’s lifestyle can trigger cancer genes and early detection of the benign cancer.
Pharmacology is the study of Action of Drugs. This subject deals with how these drug molecules enter the body, Interact with the body, Affect the host system, Affect the foreign bodies, pathogens, its dynamics and how it is removed out from the body.
This involves many others topics such as- Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, Pharmacognosy, Pharmacoeconomics, Pharmacogenomics etc…
Ethnopharmacology is an study or correlation of the customary medication rehearsed by different ethnic gatherings, and particularly by indigenous people groups. The word ethnomedicine is now and then utilized as an equivalent word for conventional medication. Ethnomedical inquire about is interdisciplinary; in its investigation of customary prescriptions, it applies the strategies for ethnobotany and restorative human sciences. Regularly, the prescription customs it contemplates are protected just by oral convention.
Logical ethnomedical contemplates constitute either anthropological research or medication disclosure examine. Anthropological investigations inspect the social observation and setting of a customary drug. The motivation behind medication disclosure look into is to recognize and build up an attractive pharmaceutical item.
Pharmacodynamics is the impact that medications have on the body; while pharmacokinetics is the investigation of the manner by which drugs travel through the body amid ingestion, dissemination, digestion and discharge. Pharmacokinetics impacts choices over the course of organization. For medications to deliver their belongings they should associate with the body. This can occur from multiple points of view and relies upon the properties of the medication, and will be talked about later in this section. Pharmacokinetics impacts choices over the course of organization. The procedures that happen after medication organization can be separated into four unmistakable zones (known as ADME):
Toxicology is a division of science, science, and drug worried about the investigation of the antagonistic responses of chemicals on living life forms. It additionally thinks about the hurtful impacts of substance, natural and physical specialists in organic frameworks that builds up the degree of harm in living creatures. The relationship among dosage and its consequences for the uncovered living being is of high criticalness in toxicology. Variables that impact compound poisonous quality incorporate the measurements (and whether it is intense or endless); the course of presentation, the species, age, sex and condition. Toxicologic examination assumes an extremely urgent part in the cutting edge examinations. Fundamental standards of a few orders like systematic science, natural chemistry, the study of disease transmission, pharmacodynamics, pathology, and physiology are connected in such sort of investigation.
It is very well known fact that one size doesn’t fit all. The genetic makeup of the each individual is different and the way drugs react to those genes keep on changing from individual to individuals.
Often this change in action proves to be lethal in many individuals. Worldwide many hospitalizations and death occur due to the adverse effect of the drugs. In the recent days it has been in practice to develop the drugs specific to the genetic makeup of the patient to yield better results.
This is proven to be a promising field of Pharmacy.
Clinical Data Management is the strategy of gathering, cleaning, coordination and organization of subject data in consistence with authoritative rules. It is an essential stage in clinical research, which prompts time of high bore, trustworthy, and quantifiably stable data from clinical trials, this has been energized by the usage of programming applications that keep up an audit trail and give basic recognizing evidence and assurance of data incongruities. CDM also supports the immediate, organization and examination of concentrates over the scope of clinical research. An authoritative goal of CDM is to ensure that data support conclusions drawn from examine. Achieving this target guarantees general prosperity and trust in promoted therapeutics.
Pharmacology is a branch of Healthcare which deals with action of drugs in individuals. With the constantly changing and advancing technology, pharmacology also has been revolutionizing in a rapid manner. These innovations are proving to be the main factor for the healthier globe and better life expectancy.
In the simple terms this is the study of Drugs of natural Origin. This field of science take into consideration how a chemical, physical or a biological compounds which are derived from the Nature acts in an individual’s body.
The way it enters the body, interact with the host and foreign body are taken into consideration. Though this branch of science has been in practice since a long time people are turning toward this in the recent days after learning how good and safe they are compared to the Industrial Pharmaceutics.